Poverty and Inequality Analysis
While Indonesia has made notable advances in reducing poverty over the past few decades, significant levels of inequalities persist across the nation, exposing children to substantial barriers to their overall growth and development.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had huge implications for children’s physical, psychological, and social well-being. UNICEF (2021) reported that 80 million Indonesian children were impacted by COVID-19, with more than 25,000 Indonesian children orphaned.
The provision of social assistance during Joko Widodo’s (Jokowi’s) presidency far surpassed that of his predecessor, President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. Jokowi not only continued Yudhoyono’s programs but also expanded multifold the number of beneficiaries covered by these programs.
The PKM2PK Mainstreaming Toolbox is a guideline module designed to help the stakeholders in marine protected areas (MPAs) mainstream PKM2PK in MPA management. As a guideline, this toolbox complements the main policy as stipulated under the law and other regulations. Hence, the main goal of this toolbox is to actualize the mandate set by the law and its implementing regulations.
We estimate the long-term impact of child poverty on adult labour market outcomes in Indonesia, a middle-income country. Our instrumental variable estimation shows that a child who lived in a poor family when aged between eight and 17 years old suffers from an 87% earnings penalty as adults relative to a child who did not grow up in a poor family.
