Policy Research
The arrival of COVID-19 has created unprecedented challenges for the world. In Indonesia, the coronavirus has infected more than 1.3 million people since the first confirmed cases in March 2020. At least 35,000 people have died. Coronavirus curbs on the economy and society continue to have a shocking impact on human development. After years of progress, poverty is rising again.
The arrival of COVID-19 has created unprecedented challenges for the world. In Indonesia, the coronavirus has infected more than a million people since the first confirmed cases in March 2020 and tens of thousands have died. Coronavirus curbs on the economy and society continue to have a shocking impact on human development. After years of progress, poverty is rising again.
We use long-spanning individual longitudinal data to examine the long-term labour market outcomes of low-tier informal workers. We investigate their characteristics, calculate the extent of switching, and identify the characteristics of those who have switched. Finally, we estimate the earnings premium of switching.
In some regions in Indonesia, efforts to contain the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic have been followed by the distance learning policy. As a result, teachers and students are required to be able to adapt to changes in the teaching-learning process. In practice, however, the implementation of the policy varies greatly and is influenced by many different factors.
The COVID-19 pandemic-induced economic crisis has affected the labor force in Indonesia. A number of workers have been furloughed and even laid off, as the crisis has caused disruption to companies’ operations.
