Our Expertise

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The first years into the job are critical for novice teachers (who are just starting their careers). These years will determine whether a novice teacher will continue pursuing the teaching profession or switching to other jobs.


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Students may experience scarring from education disruptions. Scarring is a condition where a disruption has long-term effects, even on earnings as adults. Simulations show that school closures due to COVID-19 may result in worse learning losses than those accumulated during regular school breaks. This loss of schooling can have long-term effects on wages. All students face a high risk of scarring.


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Tackling Indonesia’s teacher quality is a tangible way to lift the country’s learning profile.


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The Government of Indonesia has established a number of policies to provide teachers with professional teaching competence. Since 2018, anyone with a bachelor’s degree is eligible to apply to pre-service Teacher Professional Education (Pendidikan Profesi Guru/PPG) held by selected teacher colleges (lembaga pendidikan tenaga kependidikan/LPTK).


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For more than four decades, Indonesia has carried out a variety of teacher professional development (TPD) programmes. Yet the outcomes have fallen short.


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