Our Expertise
We estimate the long-term impact of child poverty on adult labour market outcomes in Indonesia, a middle-income country. Our instrumental variable estimation shows that a child who lived in a poor family when aged between eight and 17 years old suffers from an 87% earnings penalty as adults relative to a child who did not grow up in a poor family.
Despite adversities arising from the Palestinian experience, studies have shown that Palestinian students can demonstrate educational resilience. However, a gap in knowledge exists about inclusive teaching and learning strategies that contribute to Palestinian students’ educational resilience.
This study maps the factors driving changes in the demand for care work in Indonesia and provides strategic recommendations to support the development of the care economy ecosystem.
This paper examines the long-term impact of historical railroads on employment in Java. During the Second Industrial Revolution, the Dutch colonial administration built an extensive railroad network in Java—the political and economic center of Indonesia. The primary objective was to boost Java’s export crops, particularly sugar, to the European market.
